This morning the clouds cleared up for a while, after having had thick clouds and fog on top of us up to several kilometers for several days, and the sun came out. As a consequence the temperature dropped to around – 6 degrees Celsius; the clouds have a warming effect and the warming effect of the sun cannot compensate the increased loss of thermal radiation; the clouds have a "greenhouse effect" up here. After a short while, a 300 meter deep fog started form and the visibility has yet again played us tricks; after a Polar Bear visit yesterday security rules have been tightened and now whenever visibility goes down below a few 100 meters so that the mast site on the ice can be seen from the bridge, everyone is called in from the ice. The fog is about 300 meters deep but optically very thin; one can see blue sky aloft, but often only a few hundred meters horizontally. One consequence of the low temperatures and the fog, which consists of super-cooled liquid-water droplets, is that we have ice riming on just about everything that is exposed to the atmosphere. A several centimeter thick layer of ice builds up in the windward side of instruments, cables antennas, everything - including the propeller anemometers even though its spinning all the time.
Everything has now (more or less) fallen into the expedition routine; all groups conduct measurements on a round-the-clock schedule. Almost all instrument systems are up and running; the last 18 hours we have had a problem with very low wind speeds, which increases the risk that the labs on the 4th deck sample air which is contaminated by exhausts from the ship or from snowmobiles on the ice. Another practical problem is the fog that we've had most of the time for a few days; low visibility impedes the possibility of the lookouts on the bridge to see approaching
The weather has improved; yesterday morning we did see the sun for a short while, although
today’s been mostly foggy. The wind is also down quite a bit, which makes a lot of things a
lot easier, and according to the forecast it is supposed to stay this was a few days. According
to the people in the aerosol lab on the 4th deck, the air is extremely clean; very few particles
counted (yesterday in the fog occasionally below detection). Yesterday we had the first more
serious party, partly to celebrate that much is now up and running on the ice camp; we now
have the tethered sounding system up and running, and we are working on the sodar, while
the marine biology group got their first “microfilm” (the very top less-than-millimeter layer)
water sample from the open lead. The other reason for the party was to celebrate a few having
birthdays around these days.
Its been a busy couple of days, with a huge workload for most of us, exacerbated by bad weather.
It started already the day we arrived, with a storm coming in with all sorts of weather (rain, ice needles,
snow and rain again) and strong winds. Since then we’ve had heave snow fall and right now the fog is
playing us a trick (with fog comes poor visibility and with that comes problems in keeping a proper
Polar Bear watch). Meanwhile, the wind is still stiff in spite of forecasts to the contrary. Bottom line is:
we’re way behind schedule. Had another low-pass by the NASA DC-8 today, and tomorrow we’ll have a party!!
Last night we had the first visit by our sister project AMISA, which is
an airborne project to specially study the ice by remote sensing
instruments and to map out weather systems that are believed to have an
impact in the onset of the freeze-up phase going into the Arctic autumn.
The AMISA project is funded by NASA and is based in Kiruna, Sweden,
flying out on the NASA DC-8 research aircraft. Last night around
midnight they made the first research mission including several fly-bys,
the last at quite low altitude.
We have now found our ice floe! After a nights steaming north and east
we have found better ice, and on a corner of an ice floe c:a 2 by 3 km
we have started to establish the ice camp. But nothing is ever easy it
seems; in the midst of setting up instrument sites an intensive weather
system blew in, with heavy snow fall turning into rain in the evening,
making everything that much harder. Still everyone is working stoically
to get everything up and in a few days we expect to have everything up
and running.
Today has been a day of setbacks. After having arrived at almost N87 we
started scouting for a good ice floe for the ice camp. After having
found one that looked promising we spend the afternoon trying to carve
out a harbor, but the ice was just not solid enough; piece after piece
just fell off and after six or seven hours we had to give up. The
weather has been ideal for setting up a camp; light winds and fog of and
on. Late evening the fog lifted enough for a helicopter recon of the
ice, and it turned out is was as bad everywhere in this region so little
else to do than steam on east and north to look for better ice.
Now – since finishing the first two research stations – we are heading into the pack ice.
The first day went really well, with very light ice and good speed. Now it is starting to
become tougher. The ice fraction is very high and sometimes hard to get through. The
weather has also been less than cooperative, with strong winds and several frontal passges.
Possibly, the high winds have contributed to the compact ice. It will take us another three
to four days to get approximately where we want to be. We have lots of preparations, and
besides many of the observations are running continuously, so we still have plenty to
occupy ourselves with.
Yesterday we departed Svalbard and sailed out into the open Greenland Sea.
The sunny weather from yesterday is gone today, replaced by low clouds and
fog. Almost no wind at all and the ocean surface looks like glass. We had company
by a couple of whales and plenty of birds. We've been running into electrical power
problems all day, which given the amounts of equipment we have on board was
not entirely unexpected. Things have started to settle now and most, but not all,
systems work. We began releasing balloon soundings today and will continue
every six hours throughout the expedition.
We're still anchored in the fjord off Longyeabyen and have spent the last few days
preparing instrument systems and labs for the experiment. In just a few hours we'll
depart out into the open ocean and will reach the ice edge maybe sometime the
day after tomorrow. The clouds in the picture are a good illustration of the type of
clouds we're interested in. The billows leaning over from bottom-right to top-left are
caused by the air moving in different directions across the top of the clouds.